Hypertension: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention

Understanding Hypertension

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious health condition affecting millions worldwide. High blood pressure occurs when the force of blood against your artery walls is consistently too high. If left uncontrolled, it can lead to severe complications such as stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure.

Causes of Hypertension

The exact cause of hypertension is often unclear, but several risk factors can increase your chances of developing it, including:

• Family history: Having a family history of hypertension increases your risk.
• Unhealthy lifestyle: A diet high in salt and saturated fats, low in fruits and vegetables; lack of exercise; smoking; excessive alcohol consumption.
• Obesity and overweight: A high body mass index (BMI) increases the strain on the cardiovascular system.
• Stress: Prolonged stress can elevate blood pressure.
• Age: The risk of hypertension increases with age.
• Other medical conditions: Kidney disease, diabetes, thyroid disorders.

Symptoms of Hypertension

Many people with hypertension have no noticeable symptoms. This is why regular blood pressure checks are crucial. However, some symptoms may appear when blood pressure rises suddenly, including:

• Severe headache
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Blurred vision
• Chest pain

Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension

Prevention is key. To reduce your risk of developing hypertension, you should:

• Eat a healthy diet: Reduce salt intake, increase fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Engage in regular exercise: At least 30 minutes most days of the week.
• Lose weight if overweight or obese.
• Limit alcohol consumption and quit smoking.
• Manage stress effectively.
• Get regular blood pressure checks.

If you are diagnosed with hypertension, your doctor will guide you through treatment, which may include lifestyle changes and medication. Adhering to your doctor’s treatment plan is crucial to controlling your blood pressure and preventing complications.

Disclaimer: This information is for general knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a physician or healthcare professional for personalized advice and treatment.